South Africa is seeking new emergency measures from the International Court of Justice (ICJ) over Israel’s recent offensive in the southern city of Gaza. The ICJ had previously ordered Israel to refrain from genocidal acts against Palestinians, but South Africa is now calling for further actions to protect the civilians in Rafah, which is facing extreme humanitarian risks due to the ongoing military actions. South Africa is also requesting that Israel allow unimpeded access to Gaza for humanitarian aid organizations and journalists. The ICJ will likely rule on these emergency measures in the coming weeks, although it may take years for a final decision on the case to be reached. Despite the ICJ’s binding rulings, enforcing them can be challenging.